You've never met this person in your life. So why does your own mind keep inventing them?
Jung's answer, more or less: they're not invented at all — they're you. A stranger in a dream is frequently the Shadow, a piece of your own personality that hasn't been consciously claimed yet.
Same gender as you tends to mean straightforward Shadow material. A different gender, Jung argued, leans closer to the Anima or Animus — an inner opposite-gender aspect of self.
Freud's version is simpler: the stranger is often a disguise for someone real, a way of processing a relationship at a safer distance.
A friendly, warm stranger. Often reflects an emerging positive trait or potential you haven't consciously claimed yet.
A threatening stranger. More often tied to a feared or rejected trait — the fear is about the trait, not the person.
A stranger who looks like you. A direct, undisguised confrontation with self, harder to read as anyone but you.
A stranger offering something. Frequently an opportunity your own unconscious is presenting, worth noticing what was offered.
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